Hydraulics: Difference between revisions
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|style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;"| Analysis of spillway hydraulics using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). | |style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;"| Analysis of spillway hydraulics using [[Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)]]. | ||
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The hydraulic design of a dam includes a knowledge of, but not limited to, the following foundational topics: pressurized and free-surface flow, uniform flow, gradually and rapidly varied flow, steady and unsteady flow, energy and momentum principles, energy losses, and cavitation. <ref name ="USACE">[[Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603) | EM 1110-2-1603 Hydraulic Design of Spillways, USACE, 1992]]</ref> | The hydraulic design of a dam includes a knowledge of, but not limited to, the following foundational topics: pressurized and free-surface flow, uniform flow, gradually and rapidly varied flow, steady and unsteady flow, energy and momentum principles, energy losses, and [[cavitation]]. <ref name ="USACE">[[Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603) | EM 1110-2-1603 Hydraulic Design of Spillways, USACE, 1992]]</ref> | ||
==Types of Evaluations== | ==Types of Evaluations== | ||
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==Types of Hydraulic Modeling== | ==Types of Hydraulic Modeling== | ||
Selection of either a one-, two-, or three-dimensional hydraulic model is necessary depending on both the complexity of the flow conditions and the level of accuracy required of the model. Hydraulic modeling helps to attain a higher-optimized level of operation of the dam and reduce uncertainty. | Selection of either a one-, two-, or three-dimensional hydraulic model is necessary depending on both the complexity of the flow conditions and the level of accuracy required of the model. Hydraulic modeling helps to attain a higher-optimized level of [[operation]] of the dam and reduce uncertainty. | ||
“Maintaining the high efficiency of a spillway requires careful design of the spillway crest, the approach configuration, and the piers and abutments. For this reason, when design considerations require departure from established design data, model studies (or three-dimensional computer models) of the spillway system should be accomplished”. Physical model studies or three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models are recommended to confirm any design that involves complex geometric considerations and/or large discharges and velocities. <ref name ="USACE">[[Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603) | EM 1110-2-1603 Hydraulic Design of Spillways, USACE, 1992]]</ref> | “Maintaining the high efficiency of a spillway requires careful design of the spillway crest, the approach configuration, and the piers and abutments. For this reason, when design considerations require departure from established design data, model studies (or three-dimensional computer models) of the spillway system should be accomplished”. Physical model studies or three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models are recommended to confirm any design that involves complex geometric considerations and/or large discharges and velocities. <ref name ="USACE">[[Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603) | EM 1110-2-1603 Hydraulic Design of Spillways, USACE, 1992]]</ref> | ||
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==Best Practices Resources== | ==Best Practices Resources== | ||
{{Document Icon}} [[Federal Guidelines for Inundation Mapping of Flood Risks Associated with Dam Incidents and Failures (FEMA P-946)|Federal Guidelines for Inundation Mapping of Flood Risks Associated with Dam Incidents and Failures (FEMA P-946) (Federal Emergency Management Agency)]] | {{Document Icon}} [[Federal Guidelines for Inundation Mapping of Flood Risks Associated with Dam Incidents and Failures (FEMA P-946) | Federal Guidelines for Inundation Mapping of Flood Risks Associated with Dam Incidents and Failures (FEMA P-946) (Federal Emergency Management Agency)]] | ||
{{Document Icon}} [[Selecting and Accommodating Inflow Design Floods for Dams (FEMA P-94)|Selecting and Accommodating Inflow Design Floods for Dams (FEMA P-94) (Federal Emergency Management Agency)]] | {{Document Icon}} [[Selecting and Accommodating Inflow Design Floods for Dams (FEMA P-94) | Selecting and Accommodating Inflow Design Floods for Dams (FEMA P-94) (Federal Emergency Management Agency)]] | ||
{{Document Icon}} [[Technical Release 210-60: Earth Dams and Reservoirs|Technical Release 210-60: Earth Dams and Reservoirs (Natural Resources Conservation Service)]] | {{Document Icon}} [[Technical Release 210-60: Earth Dams and Reservoirs | Technical Release 210-60: Earth Dams and Reservoirs (Natural Resources Conservation Service)]] | ||
{{Document Icon}} [[Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603)|Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603) (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)]] | {{Document Icon}} [[Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603) | Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603) (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)]] | ||
{{Document Icon}} [[Hydraulic Design of Reservoir Outlet Works (EM 1110-2-1602)|Hydraulic Design of Reservoir Outlet Works (EM 1110-2-1602) (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)]] | {{Document Icon}} [[Hydraulic Design of Reservoir Outlet Works (EM 1110-2-1602) | Hydraulic Design of Reservoir Outlet Works (EM 1110-2-1602) (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)]] | ||
{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 3: General Spillway Design Considerations)|Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 3: General Spillway Design Considerations) (Bureau of Reclamation)]] | {{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 3: General Spillway Design Considerations) | Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 3: General Spillway Design Considerations) (Bureau of Reclamation)]] | ||
{{Document Icon}} [[Design of Small Dams|Design of Small Dams (Bureau of Reclamation)]] | {{Document Icon}} [[Design of Small Dams | Design of Small Dams (Bureau of Reclamation)]] | ||
==Trainings== | ==Trainings== | ||
Revision as of 22:13, 21 October 2022
|
| Analysis of spillway hydraulics using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). |
The hydraulic design of a dam includes a knowledge of, but not limited to, the following foundational topics: pressurized and free-surface flow, uniform flow, gradually and rapidly varied flow, steady and unsteady flow, energy and momentum principles, energy losses, and cavitation. [1]
Types of Evaluations
- Hydraulic Performance of Spillways
- Hydraulic Performance of Outlet Works
- Dam Breach Inundation Analysis
- Spillway Integrity Analysis
- Erosion & Scour Mitigation
- Tailwater Modeling
Types of Hydraulic Modeling
Selection of either a one-, two-, or three-dimensional hydraulic model is necessary depending on both the complexity of the flow conditions and the level of accuracy required of the model. Hydraulic modeling helps to attain a higher-optimized level of operation of the dam and reduce uncertainty.
“Maintaining the high efficiency of a spillway requires careful design of the spillway crest, the approach configuration, and the piers and abutments. For this reason, when design considerations require departure from established design data, model studies (or three-dimensional computer models) of the spillway system should be accomplished”. Physical model studies or three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models are recommended to confirm any design that involves complex geometric considerations and/or large discharges and velocities. [1]
- One-Dimensional Hydraulic Models
- Two-Dimensional Hydraulic Models
- Three-Dimensional Hydraulic Models
Best Practices Resources
Technical Release 210-60: Earth Dams and Reservoirs (Natural Resources Conservation Service)
Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603) (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)
Hydraulic Design of Reservoir Outlet Works (EM 1110-2-1602) (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)
Design of Small Dams (Bureau of Reclamation)
Trainings
On-Demand Webinar: Inlet and Outlet Hydraulics for Spillways and Outlet Structures
On-Demand Webinar: Designing Spillways to Mitigate Failure Modes
On-Demand Webinar: Introduction to Addressing Inadequate Conveyance Capacity at Dams
On-Demand Webinar: Hydraulics 101: Intro to Hydraulics for Dam Safety
On-Demand Webinar: Hydraulics 201 for Dam Safety
Citations:
Revision ID: 4020
Revision Date: 10/21/2022