Survey: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| (3 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
| Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
|link= | |link= | ||
<!-- Add picture caption --> | <!-- Add picture caption --> | ||
|caption= USGS Survey Marker | |caption= USGS Survey Marker. | ||
(Image Source: [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:United_States_National_Geodetic_Survey_marker_5667.JPG Wikimedia]) | |||
}} | }} | ||
Survey data is vital to the monitoring of a dam and helps to warn dam owners of potential problems occurring in or around the dam over time. Without comparisons between past and current survey, imperceptible changes in the positioning of the dam over time are likely to go unnoticed. | Survey data is vital to the monitoring of a dam and helps to warn dam owners of potential problems occurring in or around the dam over time. Without comparisons between past and current survey, imperceptible changes in the positioning of the dam over time are likely to go unnoticed. | ||
"Dams, locks, levees, embankments, and other flood control structures are subject to external loads that cause deformation and permeation of the structure itself, as well as its foundations. Any indication of abnormal behavior may threaten the safety of the structure. Careful monitoring of the loads on a structure and its response to them can aid in determining abnormal behavior of that structure. In general, monitoring consists of both measurements and visual [[inspections]]... To facilitate the monitoring of the structures, they should be permanently equipped with proper instrumentation and/or monitoring points per the goals of the observation, structure type and size, and site conditions"<ref name="EM 1110-2-1009">[[Structural Deformation Surveying (EM 1110-2-1009) | Structural Deformation Surveying (EM 1110-2-1009) | "Dams, locks, levees, embankments, and other flood control structures are subject to external loads that cause deformation and permeation of the structure itself, as well as its foundations. Any indication of abnormal behavior may threaten the safety of the structure. Careful monitoring of the loads on a structure and its response to them can aid in determining abnormal behavior of that structure. In general, monitoring consists of both measurements and visual [[inspections]]... To facilitate the monitoring of the structures, they should be permanently equipped with proper instrumentation and/or monitoring points per the goals of the observation, structure type and size, and site conditions"<ref name="EM 1110-2-1009">[[Structural Deformation Surveying (EM 1110-2-1009) | Structural Deformation Surveying (EM 1110-2-1009), USACE, 2018]]</ref> | ||
“Surveys shall be performed at night to avoid troublesome optical distortions due to sunlight and heat radiation. The surveys shall be in accordance with the accuracy with methods established for first-order triangulation measurements as stipulated by the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey.”<ref name="EM 1110-2-4300">[[Instrumentation for Concrete Structures (EM 1110-2-4300) | EM 1110-2-4300 Instrumentation for Concrete Structures | “Surveys shall be performed at night to avoid troublesome optical distortions due to sunlight and heat radiation. The surveys shall be in accordance with the accuracy with methods established for first-order triangulation measurements as stipulated by the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey.”<ref name="EM 1110-2-4300">[[Instrumentation for Concrete Structures (EM 1110-2-4300) | EM 1110-2-4300 Instrumentation for Concrete Structures, USACE, 1987]]</ref> | ||
==Relevant Survey Topics== | ==Relevant Survey Topics== | ||
| Line 23: | Line 24: | ||
==Best Practices Resources== | ==Best Practices Resources== | ||
{{Document Icon}} [[Structural Deformation Surveying (EM 1110-2-1009) | Structural Deformation Surveying (EM 1110-2-1009) | {{Document Icon}} [[Structural Deformation Surveying (EM 1110-2-1009) | Structural Deformation Surveying (EM 1110-2-1009), USACE]] | ||
{{Document Icon}} [[Survey Markers and Instrumentation (EM 1110-1-1002) | Survey Markers and Instrumentation (EM 1110-1-1002) (USACE | {{Document Icon}} [[Survey Markers and Instrumentation (EM 1110-1-1002) | Survey Markers and Instrumentation (EM 1110-1-1002), USACE]] | ||
{{Document Icon}} [[Instrumentation for Concrete Structures (EM 1110-2-4300) | Instrumentation for Concrete Structures (EM 1110-2-4300), USACE]] | |||
==Trainings== | ==Trainings== | ||
Latest revision as of 16:08, 18 July 2023
|
| USGS Survey Marker.
(Image Source: Wikimedia) |
Survey data is vital to the monitoring of a dam and helps to warn dam owners of potential problems occurring in or around the dam over time. Without comparisons between past and current survey, imperceptible changes in the positioning of the dam over time are likely to go unnoticed.
"Dams, locks, levees, embankments, and other flood control structures are subject to external loads that cause deformation and permeation of the structure itself, as well as its foundations. Any indication of abnormal behavior may threaten the safety of the structure. Careful monitoring of the loads on a structure and its response to them can aid in determining abnormal behavior of that structure. In general, monitoring consists of both measurements and visual inspections... To facilitate the monitoring of the structures, they should be permanently equipped with proper instrumentation and/or monitoring points per the goals of the observation, structure type and size, and site conditions"[1]
“Surveys shall be performed at night to avoid troublesome optical distortions due to sunlight and heat radiation. The surveys shall be in accordance with the accuracy with methods established for first-order triangulation measurements as stipulated by the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey.”[2]
Relevant Survey Topics
Best Practices Resources
Structural Deformation Surveying (EM 1110-2-1009), USACE
Survey Markers and Instrumentation (EM 1110-1-1002), USACE
Instrumentation for Concrete Structures (EM 1110-2-4300), USACE
Trainings
On-Demand Webinar: Using Instrumentation for Dam Safety Monitoring
Citations:
Revision ID: 7288
Revision Date: 07/18/2023