Coring: Difference between revisions
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[[Category:Geotechnical Exploration]] | |||
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|caption= Rock Core Samples | |caption= Rock Core Samples | ||
(Image Source: [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Geotechnical_Drilling_Rig_at_Desert_-_By_Eng._Fadi_Fayyadh_Al_Toubeh_-_panoramio.jpg Wikimedia]) | |||
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Rock coring is used to obtain in-situ rock / soil samples and strength parameters through tests such as the Standard Penetration Test (SPT). "Cylinder samples from 4 to 8 inches in diameter and 6 to 12 inches long... may also be obtained by jacking or otherwise pushing drive samples into exposed surfaces using a continuous steady pressure. Hydraulic power equipment may also be used to push Shelby tubes into exposed undisturbed soil to collect undisturbed samples, such as the sampler mounted on a backhoe."<ref name="NEH_CH5">[[National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 5 - Engineering Geology Logging, Sampling, and Testing | National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 5 - Engineering Geology Logging, Sampling, and Testing, NRCS, 2012]]</ref> | Rock coring is used to obtain in-situ rock / soil samples and strength parameters through tests such as the Standard Penetration Test (SPT). "Cylinder samples from 4 to 8 inches in diameter and 6 to 12 inches long... may also be obtained by jacking or otherwise pushing drive samples into exposed surfaces using a continuous steady pressure. Hydraulic power equipment may also be used to push Shelby tubes into exposed undisturbed soil to collect undisturbed samples, such as the sampler mounted on a backhoe."<ref name="NEH_CH5">[[National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 5 - Engineering Geology Logging, Sampling, and Testing | National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 5 - Engineering Geology Logging, Sampling, and Testing, NRCS, 2012]]</ref> | ||
"Rock core [[drilling]] is accomplished with mechanical, engine-powered rotary drills designed to [[drill]] rock and to recover cylindrical cores of rock material. Most core drilling equipment is designed with gear or hydraulically driven variable-speed hollow-spindle rotary drill heads. Average core-diameter capability of these drills ranges from 19 to 85 mm (3/4 to 3-3/8 in) and to 300-m (1,000-ft) depths. Larger-diameter coring operations [100 to 150 mm (4 to 6 in)] are usually performed using rotary drills, and cores to 1.8 m (6 ft) in diameter can be drilled and recovered using a shot/calyx drill."<ref name="EarthManualP1">[[Earth Manual Part 1 | Earth Manual Part 1, USBR, 1998]]</ref> | |||
= | "All core drills are equipped with pumps or compressors to circulate drill media through use of water, drilling mud, air, or air-foam to cool and lubricate the coring bits and to transport the drill cuttings to the top of the hole. Most core drills are equipped with a mast assembly, powered hoist assembly for hoisting heavy loads, and, sometimes, a wire-line hoist assembly for hoisting or lowering a wire-line core barrel through the drill rods."<ref name="EarthManualP1" /> | ||
== | "Many variations are available in design and mountings for drill rigs manufactured specifically for coring; however, there are only two types basic types. They are conventional or wire-line core drills, for drilling and recovering cores up to 150 mm (6 in) in diameter, and shot/calyx core drills for drilling, and recovering cores to 1.8 m (6 ft) in diameter."<ref name="EarthManualP1" /> | ||
{{Document Icon}} [[National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 5 - Engineering Geology Logging, Sampling, and Testing]] | |||
==Best Practices Resources== | |||
{{Document Icon}} [[Drilling and Invasive Activities at Dams and Levees (ER 1110-1-1807) | Drilling and Invasive Activities at Dams and Levees (ER 1110-1-1807), USACE]] | |||
{{Document Icon}} [[National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 5 - Engineering Geology Logging, Sampling, and Testing | National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 5 - Engineering Geology Logging, Sampling, and Testing, NRCS]] | |||
{{Document Icon}} [[National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 2 - Engineering Geologic Investigations | National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 2 - Engineering Geologic Investigations, NRCS]] | |||
{{Document Icon}} [[Design of Small Dams | Design of Small Dams, USBR]] | |||
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Latest revision as of 15:17, 18 July 2023
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| Rock Core Samples
(Image Source: Wikimedia) |
Rock coring is used to obtain in-situ rock / soil samples and strength parameters through tests such as the Standard Penetration Test (SPT). "Cylinder samples from 4 to 8 inches in diameter and 6 to 12 inches long... may also be obtained by jacking or otherwise pushing drive samples into exposed surfaces using a continuous steady pressure. Hydraulic power equipment may also be used to push Shelby tubes into exposed undisturbed soil to collect undisturbed samples, such as the sampler mounted on a backhoe."[1]
"Rock core drilling is accomplished with mechanical, engine-powered rotary drills designed to drill rock and to recover cylindrical cores of rock material. Most core drilling equipment is designed with gear or hydraulically driven variable-speed hollow-spindle rotary drill heads. Average core-diameter capability of these drills ranges from 19 to 85 mm (3/4 to 3-3/8 in) and to 300-m (1,000-ft) depths. Larger-diameter coring operations [100 to 150 mm (4 to 6 in)] are usually performed using rotary drills, and cores to 1.8 m (6 ft) in diameter can be drilled and recovered using a shot/calyx drill."[2]
"All core drills are equipped with pumps or compressors to circulate drill media through use of water, drilling mud, air, or air-foam to cool and lubricate the coring bits and to transport the drill cuttings to the top of the hole. Most core drills are equipped with a mast assembly, powered hoist assembly for hoisting heavy loads, and, sometimes, a wire-line hoist assembly for hoisting or lowering a wire-line core barrel through the drill rods."[2]
"Many variations are available in design and mountings for drill rigs manufactured specifically for coring; however, there are only two types basic types. They are conventional or wire-line core drills, for drilling and recovering cores up to 150 mm (6 in) in diameter, and shot/calyx core drills for drilling, and recovering cores to 1.8 m (6 ft) in diameter."[2]
Best Practices Resources
Drilling and Invasive Activities at Dams and Levees (ER 1110-1-1807), USACE
National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 5 - Engineering Geology Logging, Sampling, and Testing, NRCS
National Engineering Handbook: Chapter 2 - Engineering Geologic Investigations, NRCS
Citations:
Revision ID: 7275
Revision Date: 07/18/2023