Stagnation Pressures - Revision history

Mpollei@gfnet.com at 21:15, 11 July 2023

2023-07-11T21:15:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:15, 11 July 2023
Line 17:		Line 17:

	==Best Practices Resources==		==Best Practices Resources==
	{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 3: General Spillway Design Considerations) \| Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 3: General Spillway Design Considerations), USBR~~, 2022~~]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 3: General Spillway Design Considerations) \| Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 3: General Spillway Design Considerations), USBR]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603) \| Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603), USACE~~, 1992~~]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603) \| Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603), USACE]]

	==Trainings==		==Trainings==

Grichards at 23:54, 26 January 2023

2023-01-26T23:54:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:54, 26 January 2023
Line 12:		Line 12:
	<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->		<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->
	"Concrete linings can fail due to stagnation pressures which are generated at offsets into the flow at open transverse joints or cracks in a concrete chute slab. Stagnation pressures can result in two outcomes which are detrimental to the [[stability]] of a concrete chute slab. The stagnation pressures can result in very high uplift pressures due to the conversion of a portion of the velocity head to a static head which can lead to slab jacking and removal of a section of the concrete [[lining]]. Failure of the chute slab can result if the uplift generated by stagnation pressures exceeds the resisting forces provided by: the weight of the [[Concrete Slab\|concrete slab]] and the water in the chute; anchor bars which attach the chute to the foundation; and reinforcing steel which can allow for load transfer to sections of the chute slab not subjected to stagnation pressures. Case histories where chute slabs failed due to stagnation pressures and slab jacking include the Big Sandy Dam Spillway and the Dickenson Dam Spillway as well as the Whaley Bridge Dam Spillway. The second outcome which can be adverse to the stability of concrete chutes subjected to stagnation pressures is the erosion of foundation material and loss of support for the slab. Offsets into the flow can result in high velocity flow being injected through the slab and into the foundation. If there are unfiltered exits within the foundation (which often is the underdrain system), foundation materials can be removed creating voids and a lack of support for the chute slab. If the void becomes large enough, the slab may not be able to span the void and the slab could fail by collapsing into the void. Case histories where stagnation pressures led to foundation erosion and voids underneath the chute slab are the Hyrum Dam Spillway and the Whaley Bridge Dam Spillway." <ref name="DForg">[https://damfailures.org/lessons-learned/concrete-lined-spillways-are-vulnerable/ Lesson Learned: Concrete-lined spillways are vulnerable to significant damage and potential reservoir breach if flows are not safely contained within the conveyance structure, William Fiedler, ASDSO, 2022]</ref>		"Concrete linings can fail due to stagnation pressures which are generated at offsets into the flow at open transverse joints or cracks in a concrete chute slab. Stagnation pressures can result in two outcomes which are detrimental to the [[stability]] of a concrete chute slab. The stagnation pressures can result in very high uplift pressures due to the conversion of a portion of the velocity head to a static head which can lead to slab jacking and removal of a section of the concrete [[lining]]. Failure of the chute slab can result if the uplift generated by stagnation pressures exceeds the resisting forces provided by: the weight of the [[Concrete Slab\|concrete slab]] and the water in the chute; anchor bars which attach the chute to the foundation; and reinforcing steel which can allow for load transfer to sections of the chute slab not subjected to stagnation pressures. Case histories where chute slabs failed due to stagnation pressures and slab jacking include the Big Sandy Dam Spillway and the Dickenson Dam Spillway as well as the Whaley Bridge Dam Spillway. The second outcome which can be adverse to the stability of concrete chutes subjected to stagnation pressures is the erosion of foundation material and loss of support for the slab. Offsets into the flow can result in high velocity flow being injected through the slab and into the foundation. If there are unfiltered exits within the foundation (which often is the underdrain system), foundation materials can be removed creating voids and a lack of support for the chute slab. If the void becomes large enough, the slab may not be able to span the void and the slab could fail by collapsing into the void. Case histories where stagnation pressures led to foundation erosion and voids underneath the chute slab are the Hyrum Dam Spillway and the Whaley Bridge Dam Spillway." <ref name="DForg">[https://damfailures.org/lessons-learned/concrete-lined-spillways-are-vulnerable/ Lesson Learned: Concrete-lined spillways are vulnerable to significant damage and potential reservoir breach if flows are not safely contained within the conveyance structure, William Fiedler, ASDSO, 2022]</ref>

			==Examples==
			{{Website Icon}} [https://damfailures.org/case-study/oroville-dam-california-2017/ Learn about the impacts of stagnation pressure from the incident at Oroville Dam (DamFailures.org)]

	==Best Practices Resources==		==Best Practices Resources==

Rmanwaring at 20:57, 19 December 2022

2022-12-19T20:57:50Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:57, 19 December 2022
Line 11:		Line 11:

	<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->		<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->
	"Concrete linings can fail due to stagnation pressures which are generated at offsets into the flow at open transverse joints or cracks in a concrete chute slab. Stagnation pressures can result in two outcomes which are detrimental to the [[stability]] of a concrete chute slab. The stagnation pressures can result in very high uplift pressures due to the conversion of a portion of the velocity head to a static head which can lead to slab jacking and removal of a section of the concrete [[lining]]. Failure of the chute slab can result if the uplift generated by stagnation pressures exceeds the resisting forces provided by: the weight of the concrete slab and the water in the chute; anchor bars which attach the chute to the foundation; and reinforcing steel which can allow for load transfer to sections of the chute slab not subjected to stagnation pressures. Case histories where chute slabs failed due to stagnation pressures and slab jacking include the Big Sandy Dam Spillway and the Dickenson Dam Spillway as well as the Whaley Bridge Dam Spillway. The second outcome which can be adverse to the stability of concrete chutes subjected to stagnation pressures is the erosion of foundation material and loss of support for the slab. Offsets into the flow can result in high velocity flow being injected through the slab and into the foundation. If there are unfiltered exits within the foundation (which often is the underdrain system), foundation materials can be removed creating voids and a lack of support for the chute slab. If the void becomes large enough, the slab may not be able to span the void and the slab could fail by collapsing into the void. Case histories where stagnation pressures led to foundation erosion and voids underneath the chute slab are the Hyrum Dam Spillway and the Whaley Bridge Dam Spillway." <ref name="DForg">[https://damfailures.org/lessons-learned/concrete-lined-spillways-are-vulnerable/ Lesson Learned: Concrete-lined spillways are vulnerable to significant damage and potential reservoir breach if flows are not safely contained within the conveyance structure, William Fiedler, ASDSO, 2022]</ref>		"Concrete linings can fail due to stagnation pressures which are generated at offsets into the flow at open transverse joints or cracks in a concrete chute slab. Stagnation pressures can result in two outcomes which are detrimental to the [[stability]] of a concrete chute slab. The stagnation pressures can result in very high uplift pressures due to the conversion of a portion of the velocity head to a static head which can lead to slab jacking and removal of a section of the concrete [[lining]]. Failure of the chute slab can result if the uplift generated by stagnation pressures exceeds the resisting forces provided by: the weight of the [[Concrete Slab\|concrete slab]] and the water in the chute; anchor bars which attach the chute to the foundation; and reinforcing steel which can allow for load transfer to sections of the chute slab not subjected to stagnation pressures. Case histories where chute slabs failed due to stagnation pressures and slab jacking include the Big Sandy Dam Spillway and the Dickenson Dam Spillway as well as the Whaley Bridge Dam Spillway. The second outcome which can be adverse to the stability of concrete chutes subjected to stagnation pressures is the erosion of foundation material and loss of support for the slab. Offsets into the flow can result in high velocity flow being injected through the slab and into the foundation. If there are unfiltered exits within the foundation (which often is the underdrain system), foundation materials can be removed creating voids and a lack of support for the chute slab. If the void becomes large enough, the slab may not be able to span the void and the slab could fail by collapsing into the void. Case histories where stagnation pressures led to foundation erosion and voids underneath the chute slab are the Hyrum Dam Spillway and the Whaley Bridge Dam Spillway." <ref name="DForg">[https://damfailures.org/lessons-learned/concrete-lined-spillways-are-vulnerable/ Lesson Learned: Concrete-lined spillways are vulnerable to significant damage and potential reservoir breach if flows are not safely contained within the conveyance structure, William Fiedler, ASDSO, 2022]</ref>

	==Best Practices Resources==		==Best Practices Resources==
	~~{{Document Icon}} [[Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603)\|Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603) (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)]]~~		{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 3: General Spillway Design Considerations) \| Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 3: General Spillway Design Considerations), USBR, 2022]]
	{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 3: General Spillway Design Considerations)\|Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 3: General Spillway Design Considerations) (~~Bureau~~ of ~~Reclamation~~)]]		{{Document Icon}} [[Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603) \| Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603), USACE, 1992]]

	==Trainings==		==Trainings==

Grichards at 22:15, 13 December 2022

2022-12-13T22:15:39Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:15, 13 December 2022
Line 1:		Line 1:

	<!-- Delete any sections that are not necessary to your topic. Add pictures/sections as needed -->		<!-- Delete any sections that are not necessary to your topic. Add pictures/sections as needed -->
	__NOTOC__		__NOTOC__
	[[Category:Hydraulic Performance of Spillways]]		[[Category:Hydraulic Performance of Spillways]]
	----		----
			{\| align="right" style="width:10%;" cellpadding="7"
			\| [[Image:Cav1.png\|350px\|x350px\|link=https://damfailures.org/case-study/glen-canyon-dam-arizona-1983/]]
			\|-
			\|style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;"\| Learn more about the dangers of [[cavitation]] at [https://damfailures.org/case-study/glen-canyon-dam-arizona-1983/ DamFailures.org]
			\|}

	<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->		<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->
	~~Paragraph text~~		"Concrete linings can fail due to stagnation pressures which are generated at offsets into the flow at open transverse joints or cracks in a concrete chute slab. Stagnation pressures can result in two outcomes which are detrimental to the [[stability]] of a concrete chute slab. The stagnation pressures can result in very high uplift pressures due to the conversion of a portion of the velocity head to a static head which can lead to slab jacking and removal of a section of the concrete [[lining]]. Failure of the chute slab can result if the uplift generated by stagnation pressures exceeds the resisting forces provided by: the weight of the concrete slab and the water in the chute; anchor bars which attach the chute to the foundation; and reinforcing steel which can allow for load transfer to sections of the chute slab not subjected to stagnation pressures. Case histories where chute slabs failed due to stagnation pressures and slab jacking include the Big Sandy Dam Spillway and the Dickenson Dam Spillway as well as the Whaley Bridge Dam Spillway. The second outcome which can be adverse to the stability of concrete chutes subjected to stagnation pressures is the erosion of foundation material and loss of support for the slab. Offsets into the flow can result in high velocity flow being injected through the slab and into the foundation. If there are unfiltered exits within the foundation (which often is the underdrain system), foundation materials can be removed creating voids and a lack of support for the chute slab. If the void becomes large enough, the slab may not be able to span the void and the slab could fail by collapsing into the void. Case histories where stagnation pressures led to foundation erosion and voids underneath the chute slab are the Hyrum Dam Spillway and the Whaley Bridge Dam Spillway." <ref name="DForg">[https://damfailures.org/lessons-learned/concrete-lined-spillways-are-vulnerable/ Lesson Learned: Concrete-lined spillways are vulnerable to significant damage and potential reservoir breach if flows are not safely contained within the conveyance structure, William Fiedler, ASDSO, 2022]</ref>

	==Best Practices Resources==		==Best Practices Resources==

Grichards at 05:09, 18 November 2022

2022-11-18T05:09:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:09, 18 November 2022
Line 1:		Line 1:
	<!-- Delete any sections that are not necessary to your topic. Add pictures/sections as needed -->		<!-- Delete any sections that are not necessary to your topic. Add pictures/sections as needed -->
	__NOTOC__		__NOTOC__
			[[Category:Hydraulic Performance of Spillways]]
	----		----
	<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->		<!-- Introductory paragraph or topic page summary -->

Grichards: Created page with " NOTOC ---- Paragraph text ==Best Practices Resources== {{Document Icon}} Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603) (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers) {{Document Icon}} Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 3: General Spillway Design Consid..."

2022-09-17T04:08:07Z

Created page with " __NOTOC__ ----  Paragraph text ==Best Practices Resources== {{Document Icon}} Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603) (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers) {{Document Icon}} Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 3: General Spillway Design Consid..."

New page

__NOTOC__
----

Paragraph text

==Best Practices Resources==
{{Document Icon}} [[Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603)|Hydraulic Design of Spillways (EM 1110-2-1603) (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)]]
{{Document Icon}} [[Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 3: General Spillway Design Considerations)|Design Standards No. 14: Appurtenant Structures for Dams (Ch. 3: General Spillway Design Considerations) (Bureau of Reclamation)]]

==Trainings==
{{Video Icon}} [[On-Demand Webinar: Designing Spillways to Mitigate Failure Modes]]


{{Citations}}


{{revhistinf}}